We are non-EU citizens, legally residing in Spain for the last 5 years. A few weeks ago we got a baby, born in Barcelona, who now has birth certificate issued in Registro Civil. He also has Libro de familia, a social security number, public and private medical insurance, and empadronamiento too. My question now is whether he would need to apply for a residence card to be legally residing in Spain? My understanding is that in order to apply for Spanish nationality the newborn would need to be legally residing in Spain for one year, so I wonder how do you prove that the kid has been a legal resident. Does he need to be registered with Spanish authorities? Which? How?

I tried googling for this information but could not get the right answer. I would appreciate any feedback on this matter. Thanks, Rade